测控站布局对区域卫星导航系统的影响

建立区域卫星导航系统的测控网是卫星导航系统要解决的关键问题之一。讨论国内测控站的布设问题,采用网格计算方法分析国内测控站对导航星座的可观测性。引入位置精度衰减因子PDOP和定轨中的法矩阵条件数,分析测控网对导航星座的观测几何结构强度以及测站位置分布对轨道确定精度的影响,仿真结果表明,利用我国有限的国土跨度和航天测控资源可以确保对导航卫星的测控任务的完成。对在国外布设测控站进行讨论和仿真,结果说明位于国外的测控站(如可在澳大利亚的珀斯设站)的加入能明显改善观测的几何结构强度、提高导航卫星的轨道精度。     

无源RFID系统中推断式二进制搜索算法

在现有的RFID标准中，一般标签ID都由几个不同含义区间组成。针对这种特点，提出推断式二进制防碰撞算法：在识别每个区间段的ID时，利用某个特定读写器中的前缀库推断该区间段各个位的取值，以便减少待识别标签ID的位数。同时，通过调整参数u，可以对系统可靠性进行控制。仿真实验表明，在没有新前缀出现的情况下，推断式二进制防碰撞算法能够将QT算法的识别速度提高3倍、标签平均响应次数降低3／4。     

无人机对未来防空作战的影响及对策研究

未来防空战场中,无人机已成为一种重要的空中威胁。阐述了无人机的现实威胁,分析了无人机对防空作战的影响,探讨了抗击无人机的对策及措施。     

型号研制与产品数据管理

介绍了产品数据管理(PDM)的概念和基本功能,结合当前型号研制的特点和计算机信息技术应用的状况、发展,研究了型号研制产品数据管理的需求、功能及实施,为当前型号研制依靠CIMS技术实现产品数据管理提出了8条基本原则。     

基于投票分布积累的Hough变换航迹起始法?

针对密集杂波下匀加速运动的低可观测目标的航迹起始问题，提出了一种基于投票分布积累的Hough变换航迹起始法。该方法利用单元投票数以及该单元附近投票数的密集程度定义了投票密度和投票均值，构造了两级门限来滤除部分杂波，快速给出目标航迹参数在参数空间的大概位置，最后由直观法给出起始航迹的数目以及参数。仿真结果表明，该方法不仅能提高正确航迹起始概率、降低错误起始概率，而且所用时间短，尤其适用于复杂环境中的目标检测。     

Dynamic signatures and their use in comparing the reliability of new and used systems

The signature of a system with independent and identically distributed (i.i.d.) component lifetimes is a vector whose ith element is the probability that the ith component failure is fatal to the system. System signatures have been found to be quite useful tools in the study and comparison of engineered systems. In this article, the theory of system signatures is extended to versions of signatures applicable in dynamic reliability settings. It is shown that, when a working used system is inspected at time t and it is noted that precisely k failures have occurred, the vector s [0,1]^n‐k whose jth element is the probability that the (k + j)th component failure is fatal to the system, for j = 1,2,2026;,n ‐ k, is a distribution‐free measure of the design of the residual system. Next, known representation and preservation theorems for system signatures are generalized to dynamic versions. Two additional applications of dynamic signatures are studied in detail. The well‐known “new better than used” (NBU) property of aging systems is extended to a uniform (UNBU) version, which compares systems when new and when used, conditional on the known number of failures. Sufficient conditions are given for a system to have the UNBU property. The application of dynamic signatures to the engineering practice of “burn‐in” is also treated. Specifically, we consider the comparison of new systems with working used systems burned‐in to a given ordered component failure time. In a reliability economics framework, we illustrate how one might compare a new system to one successfully burned‐in to the kth component failure, and we identify circumstances in which burn‐in is inferior (or is superior) to the fielding of a new system. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics, 2009     

Does Military Spending Nonlinearly Affect Economic Growth in South Africa?

Using annual data collected from 1988 to 2015, this study provides evidence of a non-linear relationship between military spending, economic growth and other growth determinants for the South African economy. The empirical study is based on estimates of a logistic smooth transition regression (LSTR) model and our empirical results point to an inverted U-shaped relationship between military spending and economic growth for the data. Furthermore, our empirical results suggest that the current levels of military spending, as a component of total government expenditure, are too high in the South African economy and need to be transferred towards more productive non-military expenditure in order to improve the performance of economic growth and other growth determinants.     

我国数据驱动管理决策研究现状分析

数据驱动管理决策研究是大数据时代管理工程领域研究的重要方向。本文提出了基于社会网络分析方法的总体思路，采集、清洗和处理了我国数据驱动管理决策研究文献数据，建立了文献数据的共词矩阵，并进行了共词分析，构建了我国数据驱动管理决策研究的社群图，从点度中心度、接近中心度和中间中心度等方面研究了我国数据驱动管理决策研究现状，提出了当前研究热点和研究对象。此外，我们从大数据时代管理决策特点规律和作用机理揭示、数据驱动管理决策体系框架构建和要素分析、管理决策数据驱动技术工具和模型构建等方面总结了未来研究重点和趋势。研究结论对于我国开展数据驱动的管理决策理论研究和实践应用能够提供参考借鉴。     

无人机保距跟踪中的视觉跟踪算法研究

针对固定翼无人机对地面目标进行保距跟踪过程中不能稳定获取目标图像的问题,设计了一种提高视觉目标跟踪稳定性的算法。该算法基于核相关滤波算法,提出了线性旋转子空间的概念,用于估计平面外旋转后的目标图像,在跟踪的过程中通过跟踪效果判断是否对线性旋转子空间进行校正。这种更新机制提高了在相对位置不断变化的情况下视觉跟踪的稳定性和准确性,有效地降低了跟踪漂移的程度。算法在无人机跟踪视角的视觉跟踪数据集中进行了测试,结果显示在跟踪的准确性和鲁棒性上明显好于当前主流跟踪算法。并使用固定翼无人机进行了实机飞行,验证了算法的可行性。     

基于门限的无线传感器网络密钥管理方案

由于无线传感器网络在能量消耗、内存开销和计算能力等方面的局限性，传统的网络密钥管理方法已不适用。为此提出了一种适用于无线传感器网络的密钥预分配方法——基于（t，n）-门限方案，给出了密钥分配方法，并从方案的连通性、安全性等方面进行了有效的分析，结果表明该算法在这些方面有一定的优势。